The
Wiki is a wealth of information about the game, including elemental resistances and monster info. You also click in the Wiki button on the top of this screen (it's on the banner of the forum).
In-game, the Combat log is useful to see damage, and damage reduction. As you play the game, you'll get familiar with knowing the damage type by the graphics. Fire tends to do fire damage, green blobs is poison/toxic, black is death, lighten bolts are shock damage.